Improvement in breakwaters and piers



A. M. ELLIOTT.

BREAKW'A'I'ER AND PIER.

No.176,941. Patented May 2,1s7e.

Fig, 1

WITNESSES:

y/ INVENTEI' Srarns FIGE.

' IMPROVEMENT IN BREAKWATE RS AND PIERS.

Specification forming partof Letters Patent No. 176,941, dated May 2,1876; application filed April 1,1876.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, A. M. ELLIOTT, of the city of Kenosha, in the county of Kenosha and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Piers or Breakwaters; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,

clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the'accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in' the construction of piers or breakwaters for the more perfect protection of lake and ocean harbors. and the channels leading to them, from the efi'ects of a rough sea, and whereby the water is prevented fromv being blown into the channel or harbor byseaward winds.

The accompanying drawing represents a perspective View of my invention.

A in the accompanying drawing is the channel'to the harbor. B is the mouth of the channel. D is the'right pier. E is the left pier. .F is a light-house. Gr is right l'pre'akwater. H- is the left breakwater. [is

the month to the breakwater. J is a lighthouse upon the outward end of the right breakwater, which, in conjunction with the li ght-h ouse F, afl'ords ran ge-li ghts to incoming vessels. K K are a series of piles, Whichare continued from the ends ofthe piers D and E.

in a direct line with them, to the outer end of the breakwaters G and H, and afi'ord a guide to vessels in entering the mouth of the channel B. L L are water-escapes, M is a bridge connecting the pier D with the breakwaterG, which affords a way of communication to the light-house J. By this relative arrangement of the breakwaters or piers G and H with the piers D and E, the i'niiux of water toward the channel is diverted from its direct course, and flows to the right and left of the channel A, through the escapes L L.

It has been observed that when the wind is blowing directly towardthe shorethe water is elevated above its natural height in all V I spaces (J and C. When the wind is blowing from the lefthand side the current of water passes from the mouth I out at the right-hand escape L. When it passes in the mouthI.

from the right-hand side it-flows out at the left-hand escape L. The breakwaters or piers G and H areplaced at an angle of about twenty degrees to the channel; this angle may, however, be increased or diminished, as

circumstances may require.

' Harbors have heretofore been protected by constructing a pier at right angles to and in frontof the channel; but it is with great danger a vessel enters a harbor with such an obstruction before the channel during a storm,

and especially so in the dark, when there is no light-house upon the outer pier.

It is obvious that with my device a harbor is perfectly protected from a storm without these accompanying dangers.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination and arrangement of the piers G and H with the piers D E and series of piles'K K, substantially as and for the purposespecitied.

2. The combination and arrangement of the piers G H and D E, series of piles K K, lighthouses F J, and bridge M, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimonythat I claim. the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ANTHONY M. ELLIOTT.

Witnesses:

GEO. W. SANBORN, A =WMQ DANELAND. 

